HP ProLiant DL380 G5 调整指南

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该硬件由 HP 慷慨捐赠。

即将进行的测试

Linux 可调参数

  • SLUB 与 SLAB（内存管理）
  • stats_targets（dbt3/tpc-h 依赖）
  • I/O 升降机
  • SCSI 控制器调优（可能不可行）
  • 物理磁盘分区

Postgres GUCs

  • 连接数

内存

  • shared_buffers

WAL

  • checkpoint_segments
  • checkpoint_completion_target
  • 开启 archive_mode 和纯复制

计划程序

  • 有效缓存大小
  • 自动 vacuum
  • random_page_cost
  • 我们应该看看这些吗？
#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01                  # same scale as above
#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005           # same scale as above
#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025             # same scale as above
  • default_statistics_target = 10 # 范围 1-1000

硬件细节

  • 2 x 四核 Intel(R) Xeon(R) E5405 (2.00GHz, 1333MHz FSB, 80W) 处理器
  • HP 32GB 全缓冲 DIMM PC2-5300 8x4GB DR LP 内存
  • HP Smart Array P800 控制器
  • 8 x HP 72GB 热插拔 2.5 SAS 15,000 rpm 硬盘
  • MSA70 带 25 x HP 72GB 热插拔 2.5 SAS 15,000 rpm 硬盘


软件细节

  • 2.6.28-gentoo (Gentoo)

硬件基线

fio

我们将使用 fio v1.23 来获取一些简单的系统特征，使用系统上的内部磁盘，以及各种文件系统，软件和硬件 RAID 配置，以及卷管理配置。我们将运行 5 个简单的测试：顺序读取，顺序写入，随机读取，随机写入，以及读写测试。

顺序读取

[seq-read]
rw=read
size=56g
directory=/test
fadvise_hint=0
blocksize=8k
direct=0
numjobs=1
nrfiles=1
runtime=1h
time_based
exec_prerun=echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

顺序写入

[seq-write]
rw=write
size=56g
directory=/test
fadvise_hint=0
blocksize=8k
direct=0
numjobs=1
nrfiles=1
time_based
runtime=1h
exec_prerun=echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

随机读取

[random-read]
rw=randread
size=7g
directory=/test
fadvise_hint=0
blocksize=8k
direct=0
numjobs=8
nrfiles=1
runtime=1h
time_based
exec_prerun=echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

随机写入

[random-write]
rw=randwrite
size=7g
directory=/test
fadvise_hint=0
blocksize=8k
direct=0
numjobs=8
; this is number of files total per process
nrfiles=1
runtime=1h
time_based
exec_prerun=echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

读写

[read-write]
rw=rw
rwmixread=50
size=7g
directory=/test
fadvise_hint=0
blocksize=8k
direct=0
numjobs=8
nrfiles=1
runtime=1h
time_based
exec_prerun=echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

结果

一个磁盘

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 57.9 89.0 2.3 6.6 8.0/5.6
ext2-noatime 59.4 92.0 2.3 6.5 8.0/6.8
ext3 59.4 81.8 2.3 22.8 8.2/7.0
ext3 (noatime)
ext3 (data=journal) 61.4 72.4 2.3 11.0 7.5/7.5
ext3 (data=journal,noatime} 60.8 71.2 2.3 11.0 7.5/7.5
jfs 65.4 97.0 2.3 4.8 8.2/7.0
jfs (noatime) 65.5 95.0 2.3 4.8 6.8/8.0
xfs 71.9 96.2 * * *
xfs (noatime) 68.8 96.3 2.3 * *
  • - 测试未成功完成。

两个磁盘

软件 RAID

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 0 (64KB 块) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 87.0 177.0 4.2 11.9 13.6/13.6
ext2-noatime 80.2 180.0 4.3 12.0 13.4/13.4
ext3 86.2 158 4.2 38.1 17.8/9.0
ext3 (noatime) 88.2 161.0 4.3 39.6 13.4/13.4
ext3 (data=journal) 85.8 83.0 4.2 17.1 7.9/13.9
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 87.6 83.4 4.2 17.1 10.3/14.4
jfs 88.0 181 4.1 7.9 14.1/18.8
jfs (noatime) 88.7 175 4.3 7.8 16.4/16.8
reiserfs 96.2 116 4.3 64.5 13.6/18.2
reiserfs (noatime) 92.6 114 4.3 64.5 16.0/11.4

硬件 RAID

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 0 (128KB 条带) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 78.8 166.0 4.3 12.0 17.8/13.4
ext2-noatime 78.9 170.0 4.3 12.0 13.4/15.6
ext3 73.9 82.5 4.3 41.0 13.0/13.0
ext3 (noatime) 74.5 77.5 4.3 48.0 15.2/11.0
ext3 (data=journal) 78.9 75.9 4.3 16.6 15.8/15.8
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 78.0 75.9 4.3 16.4 13.8/9.9
jfs 78.8 128.0 4.4 8.0 16.2/15.9
jfs (noatime) 79.3 133.0 4.4 8.0 18.2/11.5
reiserfs 75 115 4.32 61.2 13.1/10.1
reiserfs (noatime) ND ND ND ND ND

LVM

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - 4MB 条带大小 - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 136.0 186.0 4.5 11.9 26.4/26.4
ext2 (noatime) 137.0 190.0 4.5 12.1 23.2/23.2
ext3 129.0 161.0 4.5 38.9 12.8/22.8
ext3 (noatime) 136.0 169.0 4.5 38.4 26.2/19.9
ext3 (data=journal) 135.0 90.4 4.4 16.6 15.2/21.2
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 137.0 89.6 4.5 16.9 21.2/15.2
jfs 148.0 180.0 4.5 7.9 17.9/25.0
jfs (noatime) 147.0 180.0 4.5 8.1 24.9/21.4

三个磁盘

软件 RAID

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (4MB 块) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 200.0 43.1 5.8 4.2 8.2/9.9
ext2 (noatime) 200.0 43.3 5.8 4.2 11.5/9.9
ext3 199.0 45.6 5.7 9.6 24.0/24.0
ext3 (noatime) 201.0 46.3 5.7 9.5 4.7/12.6
ext3 (data=journal) 199.0 24.3 5.8 4.7 4.7/7.3
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 200.0 24.4 5.8 4.6 6.1/8.5
jfs 218.0 43.2 5.8 2.7 12.0/12.0
jfs (noatime) 218.0 43.3 5.9 2.7 6.9/12.1
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (4MB 块) - 8192KB 预读缓冲区 - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 199.0 42.6 5.2 4.2 9.9/9.9

硬件 RAID

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 [1] 164.0 5.6 6.2 7.0/8.4
ext2 (noatime) 108.0 169.0 5.6 6.2 9.3/9.3
ext3 104.0 129.0 5.5 23.5 7.9/9.2
ext3 (noatime) 94.6 131.0 5.5 23.6 8.1/9.4
ext3 (data=journal) 107.0 79.2 5.5 9.7 8.0/5.4
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 108.0 79.0 5.5 9.4 5.3/8.0
jfs 105.0 179.0 5.3 4.6 10.0/8.6
jfs (noatime) 104.0 179.0 5.6 4.5 8.6/8.6
reiserfs 108.0 76.5 5.6 58.8 8.3/9/7
reiserfs (noatime) 109.0 75.3 5.6 59.0 9.7/8.5
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 113.0 170.0 5.8 6.4 10.9/7.9
ext2 (noatime) 103.0 169.0 5.8 6.3 12.4/9.4
ext3 106.0 131.0 5.7 21.0 11.7/10.0
ext3 (noatime) 112.0 135.0 5.7 21.4 11.9/10.4
ext3 (data=journal) 112.0 74.8 5.7 8.0 11.7/10.3
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 112.0 74.2 5.8 8.1 11.7/5.8
ext3 (data=writeback) 113.0 135.0 5.7 5.2 11.0/3.1
jfs 110.0 178.0 5.5 4.4 9.5/11.1
jfs (noatime) 110.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 9.8/9.5
reiserfs 114.0 92.6 5.8 58.3 10.8/12.3
reiserfs (noatime) 112.0 78.7 5.8 58.6 6.5/12.3
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 1 个完整磁盘分区
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 113.0 171.0 5.8 6.3 7.8/10.9
ext2 (noatime) 108.0 169.0 5.8 6.3 7.8/10.9
ext3 109.0 132.0 5.7 21.0 10.5/9.0
ext3 (noatime) 112.0 135.0 5.7 20.9 10.5/9.0
ext3 (data=journal) 113.0 75.4 5.7 8.3 4.4/11.4
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 113.0 75.4 5.8 8.3 8.9/11.7
jfs 110.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 8.0/11.1
jfs (noatime) 111.0 178.0 5.8 4.6 6.4/9.6
reiserfs 113.0 113.0 5.8 58.4 7.7/10.8
reiserfs (noatime) 114.0 98.0 5.8 59.0 10.8/6.3
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 256KB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 124.0 172.0 5.8 6.3 12.8/8.0
ext2 (noatime) 125.0 174.0 5.8 6.3 8.0/11.2
ext3 118.0 131.0 5.7 21.0 10.7/5.1
ext3 (noatime) 119.0 136.0 5.7 21.1 10.7/9.3
ext3 (data=journal) 116.0 73.8 5.7 8.4 10.5/4.6
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 125.0 74.2 5.2 8.2 10.5/12.0
ext3 (data=writeback) 121.0 134.0 5.7 5.2 6.6/7.9
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 118.0 133.0 5.7 5.3 11.1/12.7
jfs 121.0 178.0 5.8 4.6 8.4/9.8
jfs (noatime) 120.0 178.0 5.8 4.5 9.9/9.8
reiserfs 125.0 93.3 5.8 58.4 9.5/12.7
reiserfs (noatime) 131.0 74.0 5.8 58.5 11.1/12.7
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 512KB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 156.0 167.0 5.8 6.3 6.6/8.3
ext2 (noatime) 141.0 171.0 5.8 6.4 11.6/9.9
ext3 154.0 133.0 5.7 21.2 6.3/11.0
ext3 (noatime) 155.0 132.0 5.2 20.7 9.5/12.6
ext3 (data=journal) 156.0 76.1 5.7 8.3 12.4/9.3
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 155.0 74.8 5.8 8.4 12.4/9.4
ext3 (data=writeback) 163.0 132.0 5.7 5.2 10.9/9.3
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 154.0 132.0 5.2 5.2 9.8/8.2
jfs 169.0 179.0 5.5 4.6 10.1/10.1
jfs (noatime) 170.0 178.0 5.8 4.5 11.8/11.8
reiserfs 161.0 95.7 5.8 58.5 9.8/9.8
reiserfs (noatime) 163.0 69.3 5.8 58.5 5.1/11.5
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 1024KB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 171.0 172.0 5.8 6.3 12.0/8.5
ext2 (noatime) 173.0 171.0 5.8 6.3 10.2/13.6
ext3 172.0 136.0 5.7 21.3 11.6/9.8
ext3 (noatime) 175.0 133.0 5.8 20.8 8.2/13.1
ext3 (data=journal) 172.0 75.5 5.8 8.2 4.8/11.3
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 171.0 75.3 5.8 8.3 12.4/9.4
ext3 (data=writeback) 178.0 135.0 5.7 5.2 11.4/9.7
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 181.0 133.0 5.7 5.2 6.7/13.5
jfs 188.0 172.0 5.8 4.4 14.0/10.5
jfs (noatime) 187.0 178.0 5.5 4.3 14.0/12.3
reiserfs 185.0 104.0 5.8 58.4 13.6/3.4
reiserfs (noatime) 187.0 81.0 5.8 58.6 10.2/8.5
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 2048KB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 174.0 172.0 5.8 6.3 9.9/6.6
ext2 (noatime) 171.0 165.0 5.8 6.3 8.6/10.4
ext3 172.0 135.0 5.7 20.7 13.3/8.3
ext3 (noatime) 172.0 137.0 5.7 21.2 11.7/11.7
ext3 (data=journal) 173.0 76.1 5.8 8.1 8.2/8.3
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 173.0 76.7 5.8 8.2 12.7/9.5
ext3 (data=writeback) 173.0 133.0 5.7 5.2 10.3/10.3
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 173.0 134.0 5.8 5.2 13.7/8.6
jfs 174.0 173.0 5.8 4.4 12.5/5.4
jfs (noatime) 173.0 178.0 5.8 4.5 12.5/12.5
reiserfs 174.0 113.0 5.8 58.4 12.2/12.2
reiserfs (noatime) 174.0 75.0 5.8 58.6 13.9/12.2
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 4096KB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 176.0 170.0 5.8 6.3 13.9/13.9
ext2 (noatime) 187.0 173.0 5.4 6.3 5.4/14.0
ext3 179.0 135.0 5.7 21.1 8.4/13.5
ext3 (noatime) 178.0 133.0 5.7 21.0 8.4/13.5
ext3 (data=journal) 178.0 74.3 5.8 7.9 11.3/9.7
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 177.0 76.0 5.8 8.2 8.4/11.7
ext3 (data=writeback) 175.0 134.0 5.7 5.2 8.7/12.1
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 186.0 133.0 5.2 5.2 7.0/12.1
jfs 185.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 12.7/12.8
jfs (noatime) 185.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 9.1/14.5
reiserfs 188.0 82.6 5.8 58.6 14.0/12.3
reiserfs (noatime) 191.0 88.5 5.8 58.3 8.9/12.3
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 8192KB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 183.0 170.0 5.8 6.3 7.0/12.3
ext2 (noatime) 183.0 171.0 5.8 6.3 8.8/8.8
ext3 177.0 136.0 5.7 21.2 10.2/11.9
ext3 (noatime) 174.0 134.0 5.7 21.1 8.6/11.9
ext3 (data=journal) 171.0 75.7 5.7 8.2 5.1/11.8
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 185.0 76.1 5.8 7.9 11.8/11.8
ext3 (data=writeback) 185.0 131.0 5.7 5.2 8.7/12.2
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 186.0 131.0 5.7 5.2 13.9/10.4
jfs 193.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 9.2/12.8
jfs (noatime) 194.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 11.0/9.2
reiserfs 194.0 98.0 5.8 58.6 12.8/12.7
reiserfs (noatime) 195.0 92.3 5.8 58.7 14.3/12.5
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 5 (256KB 条带) - 128MB 预读
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 183.0 168.0 5.8 6.3 13.4/10.9
ext2 (noatime) 187.0 162.0 5.8 6.3 12.9/9.2
ext3 173.0 132.0 5.7 21.1 12.0/8.7
ext3 (noatime) 168.0 135.0 5.8 20.8 7.0/12.0
ext3 (data=journal) 184.0 73.9 5.7 8.1 8.4/10.1
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 182.0 76.0 5.8 8.3 11.8/8.4
ext3 (data=writeback) 180.0 133.0 5.7 5.2 11.3/7.3
ext3 (data=writeback,noatime) 181.0 135.0 5.7 5.2 11.0/7.6
jfs 204.0 172.0 5.8 4.5 8.0/15.6
jfs (noatime) 204.0 173.0 5.8 4.4 15.6/9.7
reiserfs 199.0 83.6 5.8 58.7 13.3/13.3
reiserfs (noatime) 199.0 113.0 5.8 58.4 11.4/13.3

四个磁盘

软件 RAID

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (4MB 块) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 262.0 178.1 7.8 54.9 20.0/28.0
ext2 (noatime) 262.0 183.0 6.9 56.9 26.5/19.8
ext3 168.0 140.0 7.6 28.2 22.8/27.4
ext3 (noatime) 269.0 135.0 7.8 28.2 23.3/24.1
ext3 (data=journal) 262.0 61.7 7.6 11.1 19.1/19.1
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 263.0 61.5 7.8 10.0 19.0/15.8
jfs 329.0 162.0 7.8 7.2 25.3/25.3
jfs (noatime) 328.0 163.0 7.8 7.3 33.7/21.0
reiserfs 316.0 88.0 7.6 32.4 24.3/28.5
reiserfs (noatime) 318.0 84.6 7.8 32.3 20.1/28.2
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (4MB 块) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 239.0 179.0 7.8 55.7 27.2/23.8

硬件 RAID

聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (128KB 条带) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 132.0 170.0 7.5 11.5 16.5/18.7
ext2 (noatime) 131.0 172.0 7.6 11.9 16.5/18.7
ext3 127.0 115.0 7.4 40.5 6.7/15.7
ext3 (noatime) 127.0 115.0 7.5 40.7 14.0/14.0
ext3 (data=journal) 132.0 73.2 7.5 17.3 10.7/14.9
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 127.0 115.5 7.5 40.7 14.0/14.0
jfs 135.0 145.0 7.6 32.4 24.3/28.5
jfs (noatime) 137.0 148.0 7.6 8.1 12.8/12.6
reiserfs 127.0 62.1 7.5 59.3 17.0/17.4
reiserfs (noatime) 130.0 63.9 7.6 59.5 17.0/15.2
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 无分区表
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 123.0 170.0 7.6 11.7 20.6/18.1
ext2 (noatime) 122.0 172.0 7.6 11.7 15.5/15.5
ext3 117.0 122.0 7.5 38.5 17.0/12.9
ext3 (noatime) 112.0 104.0 7.6 38.9 19.5/14.7
ext3 (data=journal) 122.0 71.4 7.6 16.8 13.3/11.1
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 122.0 69.8 7.6 16.9 13.3/15.5
jfs 122.0 146.0 7.7 8.0 18.2/13.0
jfs (noatime) 123.0 146.0 7.7 8.0 18.3/15.7
reiserfs 120.0 67.2 7.6 59.7 13.0/20.3
reiserfs (noatime) 120.0 75.1 7.7 59.4 17.8/15.3
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (128KB 条带) - 使用 1 个完整磁盘分区
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 131.0 172.0 7.6 11.5 15.1/12.3
ext2 (noatime) 131.0 172.0 7.6 11.6 9.9/19.9
ext3 127.0 115.0 7.4 40.1 16.3/9.3
ext3 (noatime) 129.0 114.0 7.4 40.0 16.3/16.3
ext3 (data=journal) 131.0 73.0 7.5 17.2 12.8/13.1
ext3 (data=journal,noatime) 131.0 74.1 7.5 17.0 12.8/14.9
jfs 133.0 148.0 7.6 8.2 20.2/12.6
jfs (noatime) 134.0 149.0 7.6 7.8 20.3/15.2
reiserfs 126.0 58.7 7.5 59.7 17.0/17.4
reiserfs (noatime) 129.0 61.6 7.6 59.0 19.5/12.2
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 512KB 预读缓冲区。
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 159.0 173.0 7.6 11.6 19.8/15.1
ext2-noatime 158.0 170.0 7.6 11.7 17.0/19.8
ext3 155.0 120.0 7.5 38.7 12.1/12.1
ext3-journal 157.0 71.9 7.6 16.9 11.4/16.0
ext3-journal-noatime 146.0 70.2 7.6 16.7 11.4/15.9
ext3-noatime 157.0 122.0 7.5 38.6 17.6/20.1
ext3-writeback 157.0 117.0 7.6 7.7 17.3/10.2
ext3-writeback-noatime 158.0 118.0 7.6 7.2 17.2/12.3
jfs 161.0 150.0 7.7 8.2 14.4/17.3
jfs-noatime 166.0 150.0 7.3 8.3 14.4/17.3
reiserfs 158.0 65.8 7.6 59.6 17.9/17.4
reiserfs-noatime 162.0 76.2 7.7 60.3 14.9/12.4
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 1024KB 预读缓冲区。
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 163.0 172.0 7.6 11.6 21.0/15.0
ext2-noatime 164.0 169.0 7.6 11.7 15.5/15.0
ext3 163.0 121.0 7.6 39.1 15.5/15.5
ext3-journal 161.0 72.1 7.6 17.1 17.5/8.8
ext3-journal-noatime 162.0 71.2 7.6 16.6 15.4/11.3
ext3-noatime 163.0 127.0 7.6 38.1 13.0/18.2
ext3-writeback 161.0 118.0 7.6 7.7 20.6/15.5
ext3-writeback-noatime 161.0 118.0 7.6 7.3 18.1/18.1
jfs 171.0 146.0 7.7 8.0 22.2/25.4
jfs-noatime 169.0 150.0 7.3 8.2 25.4/15.9
reiserfs 167.0 63.8 7.6 59.3 18.2/18.2
reiserfs-noatime 170.0 68.9 7.7 59.8 18.2/18.2
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 2048KB 预读缓冲区。
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 169.0 171.0 7.6 11.5 12.5/24.9
ext2-noatime 168.0 171.0 7.6 11.6 15.9/22.5
ext3 169.0 117.0 7.5 38.9 15.7/15.7
ext3-journal 168.0 69.4 6.9 17.1 11.1/15.6
ext3-journal-noatime 168.0 71.6 7.6 17.4 13.5/11.1
ext3-noatime 168.0 125.0 7.6 38.9 15.7/15.8
ext3-writeback 165.0 118.0 6.9 7.6 16.0/18.6
ext3-writeback-noatime 168.0 120.0 7.6 7.7 15.9/13.2
jfs 174.0 147.0 7.7 8.3 23.5/23.5
jfs-noatime 170.0 150.0 7.7 7.9 20.2/20.2
reiserfs 172.0 62.5 7.6 60.0 16.9/13.5
reiserfs-noatime 173.0 64.6 7.7 59.5 16.7/16.1
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 4096KB 预读缓冲区。
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 174.0 172.0 7.6 11.6 22.9/19.6
ext2-noatime 173.0 171.0 7.6 11.6 18.4/18.4
ext3 174.0 122.0 7.6 38.7 16.7/17.1
ext3-journal 174.0 71.3 7.6 16.7 11.3/18.1
ext3-journal-noatime 172.0 70.9 7.6 16.8 15.4/17.6
ext3-noatime 173.0 123.0 7.6 38.3 19.1/13.6
ext3-writeback 174.0 117.0 7.6 7.4 13.8/19.3
ext3-writeback-noatime 173.0 117.0 7.6 7.6 16.6/13.8
jfs 178.0 146.0 7.7 8.1 27.5/17.2
jfs-noatime 174.0 150.0 7.7 8.2 20.6/24.1
reiserfs 178.0 82.9 7.6 59.6 19.7/19.7
reiserfs-noatime 178.0 67.1 7.7 59.4 17.0/22.6
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 8192KB 预读缓冲区。
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
ext2 172.0 172.0 6.9 11.6 19.9/23.2
ext2-noatime 170.0 172.0 7.6 11.6 23.2/20.0
ext3 173.0 118.0 7.6 39.1 11.3/16.8
ext3-journal 171.0 71.5 7.6 16.8 13.6/11.4
ext3-journal-noatime 171.0 70.7 7.6 16.8 13.6/11.3
ext3-noatime 174.0 119.0 7.6 38.8 19.8/17.0
ext3-writeback 171.0 119.0 7.6 7.3 16.6/19.5
ext3-writeback-noatime 171.0 117.0 7.6 7.3 14.1/22.3
jfs 188.0 149.0 7.3 8.3 17.5/24.4
jfs-noatime 187.0 150.0 7.7 8.2 17.4/20.9
reiserfs 185.0 62.6 7.6 60.1 23.0/11.5
reiserfs-noatime 186.0 73.1 7.7 59.9 11.6/23.0
聚合带宽 (MB/s) - RAID 10 (256KB 条带) - 128MB 预读缓冲区。
顺序读取 顺序写入 随机读取 随机写入 读写
reiserfs 189.0 67.5 7.6 60.0 14.4/17.2
reiserfs-noatime 188.0 73.3 7.7 59.6 20.1/17.2

分析

硬件与软件 RAID

顺序写入

总处理器利用率 (%) x 吞吐量 (MB/s)
一个磁盘 两个磁盘软件 RAID-0 (64KB 条带) 两个磁盘硬件 RAID-0 (128KB 条带) LVM (4MB 条带) 三个磁盘软件 RAID-5 (4MB 条带) 三个磁盘硬件 RAID-5 (128KB 条带) 三个磁盘硬件 RAID-5 (256KB 条带) 三个磁盘硬件 RAID-5 (256KB 条带) 带分区表 四个磁盘软件 RAID-10 (4MB 条带) 四个磁盘硬件 RAID-10 (128KB 条带) 四个磁盘硬件 RAID-10 (256KB 条带) 四个磁盘硬件 RAID-10 (128KB 条带) 带分区表
ext2 50-100 | 89.0 70-95 | 177.0 30 | 166.0 40 | 186.0 30 | 43.1 50 | 164.0 40 | 170.0 40 | 171.0 60-100 | 178.1 30 | 170.0 30 | 170.0 30 | 172.0

预读缓冲区大小

可以通过使用 util-linux 包中的 'blockdev' 工具来设置每个设备的预读缓冲区大小。例如，命令是 'blockdev --setra <blocks>'。请注意，一个块为 512 字节。有关更多信息，请查看 'man blockdev'。

硬件 RAID

顺序读取 (MB/s) - 256KB 条带 - ext2
预读缓冲区大小 128KB 256KB 512KB 1024KB 2048KB 4096KB 8192KB 128MB
RAID-5 113 124 156 171 174 176 183 183

演示

这些演示所使用的数据可以在一个 Git 仓库中公开获取： http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb?p=performance-tuning.git

检索自 "https://wiki.postgresql.ac.cn/index.php?title=HP_ProLiant_DL380_G5_Tuning_Guide&oldid=10219"